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En France, la loi portant sur la nouvelle organisation territoriale de la République (loi NOTRe) du 7 août 2015 a obligé les régions à se doter d’un SRADDET (Schéma régional d’aménagement, de développement durable et d’égalité des territoires) qui se veut prescriptif par rapport aux documents d’urbanisme inférieurs. Parallèlement, au cours des dix dernières années, s’est imposé un objectif de zéro artificialisation nette (ZAN), désormais rendu obligatoire par la loi Climat et résilience du 22 août 2021. Mais malgré leur caractère prescriptif fixé par la loi NOTRe, les SRADDET adoptés jusque-là s’avèrent peu prescriptifs à l’égard des documents d’urbanisme infrarégionaux, notamment en matière d’artificialisation des sols (ZAN). Or ils vont désormais devoir fixer des objectifs chiffrés en matière d'artificialisation des sols. Comment les SRADDET révisés vont-ils mettre en œuvre l'objectif de ZAN qui devra être répercuté dans les documents d’urbanisme inférieurs ?

In France, the law on the new territorial organization of the Republic (NOTRe law) of August 7th 2015 obliged the regions to adopt a SRADDET (Regional Planning, Sustainable Development and Territorial Equality Scheme) which is intended to be prescriptive compared to inferior urban planning documents. At the same time, over the past ten years, a goal of zero net land artificialization (ZAN) has been imposed, now made mandatory by the Climate and Resilience Law of August 22nd 2021. In terms of artificialization, a favorable evolution has been noticeable in France for about ten years. As the largest territory of all the countries of the European Union, France is not threatened by massive artificialization. However, it is above the European average in terms of artificialization. The SRADDETs adopted so far are not very prescriptive with regard to sub-regional urban planning documents, particularly in terms of ZAN, but they will now have to set quantified objectives in terms of land artificialization, according to a timetable spread out until 2028. The objective of the ZAN puts the desire for development of all territories in tension against metropolitan concentration. We therefore need to consider how the provisions relating to the ZAN objective adopted in the framework of the Climate and Resilience Law of August 2021 will be taken up in the SRADDETs that need to be revised, and then in the lower urban planning documents. This article presents the process of implementation of the ZAN, analyses the content of the previously adopted SRADDETs and takes stock of the relations and exchanges between the region and the local levels, with a view to the territorialization of the ZAN objective.