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L’identité européenne selon Raymond Aron : entre mythe et réalitéThroughout his work, Raymond Aron denounces a European identity torn between a construction based on economy and a Europe based on myths. He is not convinced by the functionalist method, and he appeals for the constitution of a political Europe, the only one capable of developing a European sentiment. On the other hand, Aron rejects back to back the project of a federal Europe and the Europe imagined by De Gaulle as two Utopian myths where identity can not be revealed. Europe needs to again become the subject of its own history. Building the Europe of defence, promoting its own identity, and not one which is systematically against the two superpowers, and defending the Europe of freedom : it is about nourishing a community of destinies. Only in this way can European identity transform itself from potential to reality.