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RÉSUMÉ Notre analyse socio-cognitive vise à intégrer les aspects rationnels et finalisés par la tâche de la conception aux aspects socio-relationnels laissant une place aux rôles tenus, aux motivations et aux frustrations des acteurs de la conception. Ce type d’approche nous a amené à décrire différents décalages qui peuvent expliquer comment, dans une réunion de conception où le groupe des concepteurs habituels essaie d’intégrer le point de vue des opérateurs pour un projet de conception industrielle, la participation des opérateurs est assez élevée, alors que dans une autre réunion cette participation est faible et l’intégration des points de vue est donc limitée.

SOCIO-COGNITIVE GAPS IN PARTICIPATORY DESIGN MEETINGS Our sociocognitive analysis aims at integrating the rational side of the design process which is finalized by the task, and the sociorelational side of the process, which includes for instance the roles, the motivations, and the positioning of the design actors. This research is an empirical study of an industrial design project in a large company, aiming at creating a new workshop in a factory. For this design project, the technicians and engineers leading the project wanted to integrate the points of view of the operators, who will be future users of the design object. We focused our analysis on the design meetings they had with the operators and gathered video data of the meetings and the actors’ comments on them. We then analysed some gaps which explain how, during a design meeting where a group tries to integrate the viewpoints of another group, the participation of this other group is high, whereas in another meeting their participation is low and the integration is then limited. Looking at the roles taken by the participants, we see that the operators intervene, propose and evaluate more in the first meeting than in the second one. A qualitative analysis indicates several sociocognitive processes susceptible to reduce or enhance the active participation of participants and consequently the expression of their points of view : - the participative frame which is the partially shared definition of the objectives and roles ; - the potential gaps between the stated objectives of the meeting and the less conscious means of achieving them, visual addressing being an indicator here ; - the difference of knowledge about the state of the design decisions, the implicitness of these decisions during the meetings, and the frustration it may engender ; - the difference of focus of interest and concerns between the different professional groups of participants.