Kesselman, Donna <br/><br/>
Where private hire vehicle platforms all began, where driver protection comes first 

 -  2020.<br/>							 
<br/><br/> 96 
<br/><br/> Uber was set up in San Francisco in 2009, and the company began operating there in 2010. There was a range of reactions from the local authorities to this new player, which ran up against regulations covering the urban private hire and taxi sector. Moreover, the use of these PHV drivers with the status of self-employed workers was behind California’s 2019 adoption of a law intended to address the issue of disguised wage labor. Various strategies are being deployed to tackle the emergence of these PHV drivers, and these strategies are at the heart of the debate on trade union renewal in the United States.