Alsajdeya, Dima

“Negotiations are never unconditional” : critically examining the frameworks and modalities of negotiations in armed conflicts - 2025.


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Negotiations are common in armed conflicts. They may involve resolving the entire conflict or focusing on specific issues, such as creating a humanitarian corridor, securing a ceasefire, or deploying a peacekeeping mission. However, negotiation is often costly and uncertain for the involved parties, as these situations are filled with mutual threats that can weaken diplomatic efforts. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a framework and procedures that facilitate effective negotiation initiation and conduct. The design of negotiation frameworks and methods is particularly important because they determine what is at stake, influence the strategic choices of the parties, and shape their interactions. Analyzing these dimensions should provide a better understanding of how mediation and negotiation tend to emerge as the preferred means of resolving armed conflicts, despite the many difficulties associated with the breakdown of traditional diplomatic channels and the lack of trust between the actors involved.