Débax, Hélène <br/><br/>
The voice of the vassals (Languedoc, eleventh-twelfth centuries) 

 -  2022.<br/>							 
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<br/><br/> It is very difficult to hear a voice beyond the form and constraints of the diplomatic form of charters. However, an exceptional combination of factors allows us to access this lay voice in feudal oaths from Languedoc, between the end of the eleventh and the middle of the twelfth century, formatted and copied by laymen in seigneurial cartularies.