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    <subfield code="a">Nsiri, Mohamed-Arbi</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Ilkka Lindstedt, Mu&#x1E25;ammad and His Followers in Context. The Religious Map of Late Antique Arabia, Leyde/Boston, Brill, 2024, 372&#xA0;p.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="c">2026.
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    <subfield code="a">Au xviiie&#xA0;si&#xE8;cle, dans les discours de la m&#xE9;decine l&#xE9;gitime, l&#x2019;expression &#xAB;&#xA0;faux rem&#xE8;des&#xA0;&#xBB; d&#xE9;signe les drogues des charlatans. Celles-ci deviennent un enjeu de police commerciale et m&#xE9;dicale dans le royaume, &#xE0; l&#x2019;articulation entre r&#xE9;gulation du march&#xE9; des rem&#xE8;des et souci de la sant&#xE9; des populations. Montpellier est alors un haut lieu de la fabrication de ces drogues, d&#x2019;autant que sa communaut&#xE9; des apothicaires en vend de tr&#xE8;s recherch&#xE9;es &#xE0; la foire de Beaucaire. Trois corps savants et professionnels, la Soci&#xE9;t&#xE9; royale des sciences, l&#x2019;Universit&#xE9; de m&#xE9;decine et la communaut&#xE9; des ma&#xEE;tres apothicaires sont au travail de d&#xE9;marcation entre vrais et faux rem&#xE8;des et entre bons et mauvais praticiens. Cet article se fonde sur l&#x2019;&#xE9;tude de trois cas montpelli&#xE9;rains, tous de la mi-si&#xE8;cle. En&#xA0;1758, le m&#xE9;decin Guillaume Amoreux lit &#xE0; la Soci&#xE9;t&#xE9; royale un m&#xE9;moire &#xAB;&#xA0;sur les falsifications des drogues m&#xE9;dicinales qu&#x2019;on vend &#xE0; la foire de Beaucaire&#xA0;&#xBB; au nom de la lutte contre la d&#xE9;population et en d&#xE9;fense des marchands honn&#xEA;tes. En&#xA0;1761, la venue dans la ville d&#x2019;un vendeur d&#x2019;orvi&#xE9;tan est l&#x2019;occasion d&#x2019;un scandale public qui menace la r&#xE9;putation de l&#x2019;acad&#xE9;mie dont un membre a approuv&#xE9; le &#xAB;&#xA0;faux rem&#xE8;de&#xA0;&#xBB;. En&#xA0;1767, le corps des apothicaires s&#x2019;oppose &#xE0; la cr&#xE9;ation d&#x2019;une soci&#xE9;t&#xE9; commerciale lanc&#xE9;e par deux de ses membres au nom du risque d&#x2019;alt&#xE9;ration des compositions. Dans ces diff&#xE9;rents cas, des acteurs individuels tentent de faire carri&#xE8;re et des collectifs d&#xE9;fendent leurs int&#xE9;r&#xEA;ts en red&#xE9;finissant le bien public et, parfois, le corps lui-m&#xEA;me.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">During the Enlightenment, the term &#x201C;false remedies&#x201D; was used to describe the drugs produced and sold by charlatans outside the health professions. These false remedies became a medical and commercial issue, at the crossroads between regulating the market in remedies and concern for people&#x2019;s health. Montpellier was a major centre for the production of these drugs, especially as its community of apothecaries sold some highly sought-after ones at the Beaucaire fair. Two learned bodies in Montpellier were involved in evaluating and controlling remedies: the University of Medicine, which regulated the health professions, and the Royal Society of Sciences, which approved new remedies. Together with the corporation of apothecaries, they were responsible for distinguishing between real and false remedies, and between good and bad practitioners. This article is based on three case studies, all dating from the middle of the century. In 1758, the physician Guillaume Amoreux read a report to the Royal Society &#x201C;on the falsification of medicinal drugs sold at the Beaucaire fair&#x201D; in the name of the fight against depopulation and in defence of honest merchants. In 1761, the arrival in the city of a dealer of orvietan caused a public scandal that threatened the reputation of the academy, because one of its members had approved the &#x201C;false remedy&#x201D; made by the quack. In 1767, the professional body of apothecaries opposed the creation of a trading company by two of its members, citing the risk of altering the compositions. In these different cases, individuals tried to make a career for themselves, and groups defended their interests by redefining the public good and, sometimes, the professional body itself.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="n">Revue historique | 717 | 1 | 2026-03-31 | p. 149-154 | 0035-3264</subfield>
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    <subfield code="u">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-revue-historique-2026-1-page-149?lang=fr&amp;redirect-ssocas=7080</subfield>
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