TY - BOOK AU - Irastorza,Elrick TI - The commanding role PY - 2013///. N1 - 5 N2 - Stress in combat and its after-effects are as old as war itself, but recognition of them following the First World War came much later. Rather paradoxically, the titanic confrontation with the armed forces of the Warsaw Pact, for which Western countries prepared during the Cold War, was not accompanied by any particular raising of awareness of these phenomena, which are now better known. In view of their lack of intensity, peacekeeping operations, in which we have been engaged for more than thirty years, have not produced any notable developments in this area. It was left to the contact supervisors and unit doctors to deal with these problems on a case-by-case basis. Things did not begin to move until the 1990s. Even then, it was our engagement in Afghanistan and the return from war and all the associated brutality that led to a progressive organization of arrangements to protect against and monitor cases of post-traumatic stress disorder; they should now be continued indefinitely UR - https://shs.cairn.info/journal-inflexions-2013-2-page-173?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080 ER -