Harribey, Jean-Marie <br/><br/>
Work, Value, and Currency: Renewal of Marxian Categories Applied to the Non-market Activities 

 -  2009.<br/>							 
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<br/><br/> AbstractAs globalization has brought increasing discredit on public expenses, this paper proposes a logical refutation of the idea that non-saleable services should be financed by levy of already existing activities. As such, it diverges from liberalism according to which compulsory levies are charged on private activities. It also differs from classical marxist theory for which taxation is partly based on the surplus-value generated in the private sector. Starting from a social definition of productive work coupled with a generalization of the keynesian conception of anticipation, we try to show that non-saleable services have a non-saleable monetary value which is not extracted from the private sector and redirected to the public sector but produced by the latter. Work done in non-saleable services is not exchanged for capital. Instead, it is exchanged for income that is produced following a collective decision on the anticipation of collective needs. In short, public expenses are the ones which contribute to engender taxation thanks to the income created by public activity, and not the reverse. We deduce a new conception of social wealth.