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Internement, deportation and rescue: Italy’s Holocaust sitesOver the last few decades, more and more attention has been paid to the Holocaust in Italy. This has come to include the widespread use of the term “places of remembrance” to designate, without providing any further details, concentration camps, Fascist internment camps and sites where massacres, roundups and deportations took place. In the 2000s, Holocaust museum and memorial projects were launched in places that were tied to varying degrees to the extermination of the Jews. In this article, we will look at two specific examples of places that are characteristic of Holocaust remembrance in Italy and are located close to one another : the Durchgangslager of Fossoli di Carpi and the Villa Emma in Nonantola. The former was the main hub of the Italian deportation from 1943 to 1944 and the latter served as a place of refuge from 1942 to 1943 for 70 young Jews from Germany and the Balkans. The choices, methods and time frames involved in the recognition of these two places were very different. However, it is worth analyzing them together because they constitute two hubs of Italian Holocaust history.