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For most people, language is first and foremost a communication tool. This idea is not wrong and the linguistic theories that have taken it as a working basis have managed to produce interesting results. However, language is then basically a mechanism that allows for the encoding and decoding of ideas that precede their expression. The signified and the signifier have then been separated and language rests on a “code”, the metaphysical nature of which is not noticed. We shall develop an anthropological alternative according to which language is above all one of the three milieus in which we live, in addition to nature and society.