000			02097cam a2200169 4500500
005			20251214030102.0
041			_afre
042			_adc
100	1	0	_aProuvot, Julien _eauthor
700	1	0	_aMoranne, Olivier _eauthor
245	0	0	_aBack matter
260			_c2025.
500			_a37
520			_aRhodococcus equi is an aerobic actinomycete initially identified in foal pneumonia and later recognized as an opportunistic human pathogen, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Its incidence increased during the AIDS pandemic and with the rise of organ transplantation. Both cellular and humoral immunity contribute to host defense against R. equi, which is typically acquired through inhalation or ingestion of contaminated materials. The bacterium causes pneumonia that frequently progresses to lung cavitation, bacteremia, and potential dissemination to other organs. We report three cases of R. equi infection in renal transplant patients and review 35 previously published cases. The median age was 49 years, with a male predominance. Most patients presented with necrotizing pneumonia, often associated with bacteremia and soft tissue involvement. Treatment involved reducing immunosuppressive therapy, using bactericidal and intracellularly active antibiotics, and considering surgery when necessary. Prolonged antibiotic therapy and secondary prophylaxis are recommended. Mortality associated with this infection remains high, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment strategies. This report emphasizes the importance of considering infectious causes, such as R. equi, in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary masses in immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis and combined antibiotic therapy are crucial. Lobectomy, though high-risk, may be required for durable infection control when antibiotic therapy is insufficient.
786	0		_nNéphrologie & Thérapeutique | 21 | 6 | 2025-11-27 | p. 547-548 | 1769-7255
856	4	1	_uhttps://stm.cairn.info/journal-nephrologie-therapeutique-2025-6-page-547?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080
999			_c1573400 _d1573400