000			01817cam a2200205 4500500
005			20250121081323.0
041			_afre
042			_adc
100	1	0	_aPatou-Mathis, Marylène _eauthor
245	0	0	_aFrom the Classification of Human Beings to the “Racial Paradigm”
260			_c2013.
500			_a71
520			_aThe nineteenth century saw science making advances in knowledge on colonised regions and on the people living there. What became known as “Ethnography” would spread the idea that, firstly, not all “races” were equal and, secondly, that the European “race” was superior to the others. Scholars during this period were classifying species from lower to higher orders, and within the human species, they ranked individuals according to “race,” distinguishing them primarily on the basis of skin color. The recognition of prehistory as a scientific discipline, in the 1860s to 1880s, initially reinforced this view of “races” as unequal. By making comparative analyses between apes and humans, both current and, by then, fossil, anthropologists reinforced the presupposition that there were superior and inferior “races.” Furthermore, cultural evolution was seen as a gradual and unilinear progression from the primitive savage (represented by prehistoric “cavemen” and “savages”) to civilization. These hierarchical classifications, both biological and cultural, would lead to the development of ideologies whose consequences for certain humans were dramatic.
690			_acultural evolution
690			_ahierarchy
690			_aprehistory
690			_a“races”
786	0		_nHermès, La Revue | o 66 | 2 | 2013-08-29 | p. 30-37 | 0767-9513
856	4	1	_uhttps://shs.cairn.info/journal-hermes-la-revue-2013-2-page-30?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080
999			_c497873 _d497873