000			01954cam a2200217 4500500
005			20250121121428.0
041			_afre
042			_adc
100	1	0	_aKatsh, Ethan _eauthor
700	1	0	_a Rabinovich-Einy, Orna _eauthor
245	0	0	_aThe U.S. Administration in transition and the impact of technology: the case of pre-dispute arbitration
260			_c2019.
500			_a20
520			_aThe Trump Presidency has halted significant changes in consumer rights that were introduced under President Obama’s term. The changes had to do with pre-arbitration dispute clauses in consumer contracts, clauses that required consumers, at the time of the consummation of the transaction, to submit all future disputes to arbitration and typically preclude the avenue of class actions. While the U.S. has traditionally upheld that clauses, the EU has taken a different path. The U.S. approach has significantly limited consumers’ access to justice, a problem that has become all the more acute in the digital age for two reasons. First, the prevalence of such clauses has increased in the age of e-commerce and online agreements. Second, these clauses constrained the spread of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) – convenient and inexpensive online avenues for the resolution of consumer disputes and have obstructed efforts to establish an international ODR scheme for cross-border consumer disputes. While the U.S. began to make steps towards the regulation of pre-dispute arbitration clauses, these efforts were stifled in the aftermath of the 2016 elections.
690			_aonline dispute resolution
690			_ae-commerce
690			_apre-dispute arbitration
690			_aConsumer contracts
786	0		_nRevue française d’administration publique | o 170 | 2 | 2019-11-12 | p. 447-461 | 0152-7401
856	4	1	_uhttps://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-francaise-d-administration-publique-2019-2-page-447?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080
999			_c554187 _d554187