CRISPR-Cas: The bacterial immunity that supports diagnostics in virology
Mayran, Charly
CRISPR-Cas: The bacterial immunity that supports diagnostics in virology - 2022.
34
CRISPR-Cas is an adaptive immune system that enables bacteria and archaea from nucleic acid to fight invasions such as viral genomes. The ability of the CRISPR-Cas technology to effectively and precisely cleave a targeted genomic DNA region has been utilized to develop powerful genome editing tools that have been adapted for a wide range of applications, revolutionizing biological sciences. The CRISPR-Cas system consists of a Cas endonuclease triggered by an RNA guide for highly specific cleavage of targeted DNA or RNA sequences. In addition to the target-specific cleavage, some Cas enzymes, including Cas12a and Cas13a, display a collateral trans-cleavage activity that allows the cleavage of all surrounding single-stranded nucleic acids. These biosensing activities of CRISPR-Cas systems, based on target-specific binding and cleavage, are promising tools for developing accurate diagnostic methods to detect specific nucleic acids. CRISPR-Cas could therefore be used to diagnose a wide variety of diseases. In this review, we describe the more significant advances for virus detection based on CRISPR-Cas systems.
CRISPR-Cas: The bacterial immunity that supports diagnostics in virology - 2022.
34
CRISPR-Cas is an adaptive immune system that enables bacteria and archaea from nucleic acid to fight invasions such as viral genomes. The ability of the CRISPR-Cas technology to effectively and precisely cleave a targeted genomic DNA region has been utilized to develop powerful genome editing tools that have been adapted for a wide range of applications, revolutionizing biological sciences. The CRISPR-Cas system consists of a Cas endonuclease triggered by an RNA guide for highly specific cleavage of targeted DNA or RNA sequences. In addition to the target-specific cleavage, some Cas enzymes, including Cas12a and Cas13a, display a collateral trans-cleavage activity that allows the cleavage of all surrounding single-stranded nucleic acids. These biosensing activities of CRISPR-Cas systems, based on target-specific binding and cleavage, are promising tools for developing accurate diagnostic methods to detect specific nucleic acids. CRISPR-Cas could therefore be used to diagnose a wide variety of diseases. In this review, we describe the more significant advances for virus detection based on CRISPR-Cas systems.
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