La levée des brevets à l’OMC : du combat de Mandela contre le VIH/sida à celui contre la COVID-19 (notice n° 763548)
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| fixed length control field | 03299cam a2200385 4500500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20250123103327.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Paquin, Stéphane |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | La levée des brevets à l’OMC : du combat de Mandela contre le VIH/sida à celui contre la COVID-19 |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2022.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 23 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | En octobre 2020, l’Inde et l’Afrique du Sud ont proposé une levée temporaire des brevets à l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) pour permettre à tous les pays qui en ont la capacité de produire des vaccins. À la fin des années 1990, lorsque plusieurs pays d’Afrique étaient frappés par l’épidémie de VIH/sida, l’Afrique du Sud avait également milité pour un accès à des médicaments à faible coût. Comme à l’époque, le contexte actuel oppose des intérêts puissants, que ce soient de grandes multinationales du secteur pharmaceutique et plusieurs pays, à des regroupements de pays, d’organisations non gouvernementales et d’experts. L’objectif du présent article est d’analyser la négociation à l’OMC à partir de la méthode du néo-institutionnalisme historique axée sur les intérêts des acteurs puissants. Cette perspective s’intéresse aux séquences historiques qui transforment le répertoire d’actions, à la dépendance aux choix du passé, et aux effets des institutions sur le comportement des acteurs face au changement. Les deux cas à l’étude sont le VIH/sida et les vaccins contre la COVID-19. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | In October 2020, India and South Africa proposed a temporary lifting of patents at the World Trade Organization (WTO) to allow all countries with the capacity to produce vaccines to do so. In the late 1990s, when several African countries were hit by the HIV epidemic, South Africa also advocated for access to low-cost drugs. As was the case then, the current context pits powerful interests, including large pharmaceutical companies and several countries, against groups of countries, non-governmental actors, and experts. The objective of this article is to analyze the WTO negotiation from the perspective of historical neo-institutionalism, focusing on the interests of powerful actors. This perspective focuses on the historical sequences that transform the repertoire of actions, the dependence on past choices, including the effects of changes in WTO law, and the effects of institutions on actors' behavior in the face of change. The two cases studied here are HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 vaccines. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | bien public mondial |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | propriété intellectuelle |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | COVID-19 |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Organisation mondiale du commerce |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | négociations |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | vaccins |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | entreprises pharmaceutiques |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | pandémie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sida |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | pharmaceutical companies |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | negotiations |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | global public good |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | COVID-19 |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | pandemic |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | vaccines |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | AIDS |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | intellectual property |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | World Trade Organization |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Négociations | 36 | 2 | 2022-03-25 | p. 29-47 | 1780-9231 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-negociations-2021-2-page-29?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-negociations-2021-2-page-29?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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