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This article studies the establishment of a public policy for the professionalization of training in certain areas. First, the article reconsiders the diploma by adding various training aggregates related to employment and making the local level a place to resolve the problems encountered in terms of training-employment relations. It then moves on to question its effects based on several localized analyses. The analyses show the ambiguities and limits of the professionalization of training, both in the school system and in terms of opportunities for young people in the labor market.