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Thomas Aquinas strongly emphasized, over the course of his writings, the purely passive character of matter and its complete subordination to form. However, in Aquinas’s philosophy, matter plays a fundamental role in defining the identity and individuation of compounds. Consequently, Aquinas did not align himself with the theological tradition which, from Peter Lombard onwards, precluded the possibility that matter assimilated through nutrition becomes part of that bodily nucleus which belongs to every human being from birth. For Aquinas, the moisture provided by food is instead intrinsically linked to the (radical) moisture proper to every individual from birth, and as such is part of the “truth of human nature” that will be restored at the time of the resurrection of the body. While Thomas did not go so far as to affirm that “you are what you eat,” he did concede without much hesitation that the matter of food is identical in potency to the one who eats it, and that reciprocally our body is constantly modified by what it is fed on.