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Analyzing the ways in which the new organizational and managerial policies based on autonomy and empowerment, developed by a major industrial group since the 2010s, are disseminated and perceived, in this article the researchers observe that, over and above the new standards of behavior and action prescribed by a set of ad hoc institutional mechanisms, certain work collectives reveal unplanned self-organizational capacities at a local level. These spontaneous forms of dynamic social actions have long been studied in the context of highly hierarchical and prescriptive organizations. But what is their specific mode of existence in the context of organizations that promote subsidiarity and claim to create autonomous spaces? To answer this research question, we carried out a case study in a major French industrial group by mobilizing the Foucauldian theory of governmentality. We discovered that the new forms of self-organization deployed were governed neither by a single, overarching rationality, nor by an aspiration to build a counter-power. Their mode of existence appears more localized and dispersed than in traditional forms of organization.