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In the first year of life, many children learn two or more languages simultaneously. Understanding this phenomenon is an important scientific challenge, particularly when faced with the public’s theoretical, practical, and educational questions on how these two languages coexist and develop inside the head of these young bilingual children. For example, do the steps of language acquisition in the bilingual child happen similarly or differently than for the monolingual child? In the following article, we present a large array of research on the topic of bilingual acquisition during the first year of life.