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This article lists the questions to ask before designing a simulation. The impact of the simulation design on knowledge acquisition by players and researchers is examined (demonstrating that decision-making conditions are more complex than is intuitively assumed, informing the choice between competing methods, theories or concepts). Simulations foster empathy for contrary points of view, develop counterfactual thinking abilities, demonstrate the impact of process on bargaining outcomes and shed light on ethical considerations in social science experimentation. On the other hand, a simulation demands additional resources to design, prepare, conduct, evaluate, and improve the exercise.