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The latest official instructions for elementary school advocate that the issue of morality be addressed in the French course of the 3rd cycle of the primary school curricula. The analysis of a schoolbook, which attempts to implement the proposals of the latter official instructions, shows that the theme “morality in question” imposed on teachers is limited to a moralization of students and does not allow a real moral education. Based on the thought of Martha Nussbaum, I show the stakes of a real moral education, that of the emancipation of the reflexive subject, through literature, from an early age. To do this, it is necessary to distinguish the notions of model and example, as well as of education to morality and moral education.